Exposure to extreme cold air in a cryotherapy chamber or cryo-sauna is very popular with top-level sportsmen and women, and is gradually becoming more accessible to amateurs. In partnership with Cryo Sport Santé Genève, we take a closer look at the effects of this approach on the body and the benefits that athletes can derive from it.

The principles of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC)

Whole-body cryotherapy, which originated in Japan in 1978, involves very brief exposure to temperatures of between -110°C and -180°C. Alongside this method, there is also partial-body cryotherapy, where only the head protrudes from a cold cabin.

1. Effective reduction in inflammation and muscle pain

According to Cryo Sport Health In Geneva, exposure to extreme cold causes a rapid drop in skin temperature, resulting in immediate vasoconstriction of superficial blood vessels. This phenomenon significantly reduces blood flow to muscle tissue, limiting inflammatory reactions and effectively reducing the muscular pain felt after intense effort. Repeated use of cryotherapy amplifies these anti-inflammatory effects, by modulating the presence of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α.

2. Significant acceleration in muscle recovery

CCE causes a powerful heat shock resulting in vasoconstriction followed rapidly by vasodilation. Cryo Sport Health Genève explains that this mechanism considerably improves blood and lymph circulation, encouraging the rapid elimination of metabolic toxins, in particular lactic acid accumulated during intense exercise. As a result, athletes recover more quickly and maintain their performance levels during repeated training sessions.

3. Optimising physical and mental performance

Cryo Sport Health Geneva points out that cryotherapy acts on the autonomic nervous system, particularly the parasympathetic branch. This activation reduces the heart rate and facilitates rapid recovery after exercise. In addition, exposure to intense cold stimulates the release of hormones such as endorphins and noradrenaline, improving alertness and concentration and significantly reducing the perception of fatigue. This approach enables athletes to maintain optimal levels of alertness and performance.

4. Neurological protection and reduced oxidative stress

Repeated exposure to extreme cold induces a marked antioxidant response according to Cryo Sport Health Geneva. This response effectively protects muscle cells from damage caused by free radicals, substances produced in large quantities during intense physical effort. By limiting the harmful effects of oxidative stress, cryotherapy helps to preserve muscle integrity over the long term, thereby prolonging athletes' sporting careers.

5. Accelerated injury prevention and treatment

Cryotherapy effectively prevents injuries and speeds up recovery by reducing inflammation and improving blood circulation. Cryo Sport Health Geneva points out that regular sessions significantly reduce the risk of muscular, tendon and joint injuries that are common in sport. In the case of proven injuries such as sprains, tendonitis or muscle tears, cryotherapy facilitates faster, more effective healing.

Complementary effects on hormones and sleep quality

In addition to the benefits mentioned above, cryotherapy has a positive influence on hormone production, notably by increasing testosterone levels, a hormone essential for muscle recovery and physical performance. Regular sessions also help to control the rise in cortisol, a hormone associated with stress that can have a negative impact on physical performance when it is too high.

Cryo Sport Health Geneva also highlights the beneficial impact of cryotherapy on sleep quality. Studies of athletes show a significant improvement in sleep quality after repeated sessions of whole-body cryotherapy, reducing fatigue and improving overall recovery.

A valuable tool, but one to be used with discretion

Whole-body cryotherapy, the many benefits of which have been validated by Cryo Sport Health Geneva, is an indispensable tool for high-level physical preparation. As such, it can be integrated into the training of each individual according to specific needs, while ensuring that it is used optimally to guarantee lasting sporting progress.

Want to try cryotherapy at Cryo Sport Santé, -10 % are offered by presenting your passport Léman Running (proof of purchase, or personal card)